The Apgar Score is a way to measure quickly and simply the health of a infant immediately after birth by adding the scores of five criteria—skin color, heart rate, reflex response, muscle tone, and respiration—to come up with a single number.  It is named after its physician creator, Virginia Apgar ^[1], who developed the score in 1952.  About a decade after Dr. Apgar introduced the Apgar Score, another physician created a mnemonic device following the letters of its creator’s last name:

• Appearance (skin color)
• Pulse (heart rate)
• Grimace (reflex irritability)
• Activity (muscle tone)
• Respiration